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Laparoscopy
Last updated October 2004
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What Kinds Of Surgery Can Be Performed With Minimally Invasive Methods?

Dozens of different kinds of operations are now being done using these new minimally invasive techniques. These include operations on the abdomen, heart, reproductive organs, nerves, ear, nose, sinuses, throat, joints, chest organs, urinary tract, and blood vessels. These techniques are also used in plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Minimally invasive surgery may be an appropriate choice for conditions and diseases such as the following:

Diseases and conditions of the abdominal organs, including:

  • gallstones

  • removal of a damaged or diseased spleen an organ that removes old red blood cells and disease-causing microbes from the blood;

  • inguinal hernia a condition in which part of the intestine bulges through a weakened segment of the abdominal wall repairs, when part of the intestine bulges through a weakened segment of the abdominal wall;

  • gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

  • some problems of the colon (large intestine) or rectum; and

  • removal of an infected or inflamed appendix a finger-shaped tube of tissue (vermiform appendix) between the large and small intestine; can become inflamed or infected .

Gynecological conditions or procedures including:

  • pelvic pain pain in the lower abdominal area below the navel or belly button of uncertain cause;

  • ovarian cysts;

  • endometriosis a condition in which tissue from the inside of the uterus starts growing in other places in the abdominal cavity, causing pain and other symptoms;

  • pelvic adhesions bands of tough, scar-like tissue that form inside the body and interfere with normal functioning of an organ;

  • ectopic pregnancy an abnormal pregnancy in which the fertilized egg starts growing outside the uterus;

  • infertility inability to become pregnant;

  • hysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus; and

  • tubal ligation female sterilization operation that seals the fallopian tubes and prevents the egg from being fertilized so the woman cannot become pregnant through sexual intercourse.

Treatment of torn cartilage, ligaments, joint pain, and mobility problems in:

  • the shoulder;

  • knee;

  • lower back pain caused by a herniated spinal disk ; and

  • spine, such as fusing segments of the backbone together to make the spine more stable.

Correction of abnormalities in the paranasal sinuses hollow spaces in the bones of the face and skull near the nose that sometimes become infected, causing sinusitis that cause chronic sinus infections.

Nice To Know:

Q. What is laparoscopically-assisted surgery? My gynecologist wants to use that method for my hysterectomy.

A. It is a modern way of performing a hysterectomy that avoids a large abdominal incision. In this procedure, instead of the normal large incision, very small incisions are made for a laparoscopic procedure, and the doctor uses the laparoscope a thin fiber optic telescope equipped with a video camera, light, and other devices that allows the surgeon to see into the abdominal cavity through very small incisions to see and cut the tough bands of tissue that hold the uterus in place. That is the "laparoscopically-assisted" part. Then the uterus is removed through the vagina.

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